Thinking about a high-impact career that opens doors not just locally but globally? The world of accounting offers stability, growth, and endless opportunities, and pursuing a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia could be your golden ticket. It’s a qualification designed to transform your career, whether you’re starting fresh or looking to gain the credentials you need to level up. But we know the path can seem complex, filled with questions about courses, careers, and requirements.

This guide is here to help you navigate it all with confidence. We’ll break down everything you need to know, from why Australia is the perfect place for your studies to the exact steps you can take to get started.

• First, we’ll explore why Australia is a top global destination for accounting education.
• Next, we will demystify the Master of Professional Accounting (MPA) degree itself.
• Then, you will discover the exciting and lucrative career paths this degree unlocks.
• After that, we'll guide you on how to choose the right program for your goals.
• Finally, we will provide a clear checklist to help you apply and succeed in your studies.

Why Choose Australia for Your Professional Accounting Master's?

Deciding where to invest in your education is a huge step, and it’s important to understand the benefits of your chosen destination. When you choose to study accounting in Australia, you’re not just signing up for a course; you’re stepping into a vibrant ecosystem built for your success. The country’s reputation for high-quality education is backed by a strong, growing economy that actively seeks skilled accounting professionals.

This combination of world-class learning and real-world demand makes Australia a strategic choice for anyone serious about building a successful accounting career. From gaining qualifications that are respected worldwide to enjoying an unmatched quality of life, the advantages are clear. Let’s explore exactly what makes Australia stand out on the world stage.

A Globally Recognised Qualification

One of the most significant advantages of completing a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia is the global recognition that comes with it. Australian universities and higher education providers are held to incredibly high standards under the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF). This ensures that your degree is not just a piece of paper but a symbol of excellence respected by employers and professional bodies worldwide.

This global stamp of approval means your career opportunities aren't limited to Australia's borders. Whether you dream of working in London, Singapore, Toronto, or back in your home country, your Australian MPA will be a powerful asset. It signals that you have received a rigorous, modern, and comprehensive education in accounting principles and practices.

Strong Economic Growth and High Demand for Accountants

Australia’s economy is resilient and consistently growing, which directly fuels the demand for qualified accountants. According to the Australian Government's Job Outlook data, the number of Accountants is expected to grow strongly over the next five years. This creates a stable and promising job market for MPA graduates.

Businesses of all sizes, from innovative tech startups to multinational corporations and government agencies, rely on skilled accountants for financial management, strategic planning, and regulatory compliance. This constant need means that graduates with a professional accounting masters in Australia are highly sought after. You are entering a field where your skills are not just valued but essential for economic progress.

A Clear Pathway to Professional Accreditation

For many aspiring accountants, the ultimate goal is to become a Certified Practising Accountant (CPA) or a Chartered Accountant (CA). An accredited Master of Professional Accounting is the most direct pathway to achieving these prestigious credentials. Programs like the one offered at NAPS are designed to meet the educational requirements of CPA Australia, Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand (CA ANZ), and the Institute of Public Accountants (IPA).

This alignment is a game-changer because it streamlines your journey to becoming professionally certified. Instead of taking disparate bridging courses, your master’s degree covers the necessary foundational knowledge in areas like auditing, taxation, and financial reporting. This integrated approach saves you time, money, and effort on your path to full professional status.

What is a Master of Professional Accounting (MPA)? A Deep Dive

Now that you know why Australia is the place to be, let's look closer at the degree itself. The Master of Professional Accounting (MPA) is a specialised postgraduate program, and understanding its structure is key. Unlike general business degrees, professional accounting courses Australia are purpose-built to equip students with the specific technical skills and theoretical knowledge required for a career in accounting.

The MPA is often designed as a conversion degree, making it perfect for individuals from non-accounting backgrounds who want to pivot their careers. It’s an intensive, focused program that gets you job-ready in a relatively short amount of time. Let’s break down who it’s for and what you’ll learn.

Who is the MPA Designed For?

You might be surprised to learn that you don't necessarily need an undergraduate degree in accounting to enrol in an MPA. This is one of its greatest strengths! The MPA is ideal for two main groups of people:

1. Career Changers: Individuals who hold a bachelor's degree in another field (like arts, science, engineering, or IT) and want to move into the stable and rewarding field of accounting.
2. International Graduates: Students whose undergraduate accounting degrees from their home country are not recognised by Australian professional bodies and need a qualifying degree to pursue accreditation.

Essentially, if you have the ambition to become an accountant but lack the formal educational prerequisites, the MPA is your bridge to that goal. It provides all the foundational and advanced knowledge in one comprehensive package.

Core Subjects You'll Master

The curriculum of a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia is carefully structured to cover all the essential pillars of the profession. At NAPS, for example, the course ensures you develop a deep understanding of key areas that are critical for professional practice and accreditation. You can expect to dive into subjects such as:

• Financial Accounting: Learning how to prepare and interpret financial statements for companies.
• Management Accounting: Using financial data to make strategic business decisions.
• Auditing and Assurance: Understanding the process of verifying financial records for accuracy and compliance.
• Australian Taxation Law: Navigating the complexities of personal and corporate tax.
• Corporate Law: Grasping the legal frameworks that govern business operations.
• Data Analytics & AI in Accounting: Adopting modern technologies to analyze financial data for better business insights.

These subjects don't just teach you theory; they prepare you for the real-world challenges you’ll face as a professional accountant.

Unlocking Your Career: Job Opportunities After Graduation

Completing your MPA is just the beginning of an exciting journey. The skills you gain are universally applicable, making you a valuable asset in virtually every industry. An accounting career in Australia is not just about crunching numbers in a quiet office; it's about becoming a trusted advisor who helps organisations thrive in a complex financial landscape.

Your qualification opens doors to a wide variety of roles, each with its own unique challenges and rewards. From ensuring public companies are transparent to helping non-profits manage their funds effectively, your work will have a real impact. Here are some of the paths you can take.

In-Demand Roles for MPA Graduates

With a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia, you will be qualified for a range of specialised roles. You're not limited to one single job title. Here are just a few of the career paths that will be open to you:

• Financial Accountant: Responsible for maintaining financial records and preparing reports for external stakeholders like investors and regulators.
• Management Accountant: Works internally to provide financial information that helps managers make strategic decisions.
• Auditor: Can work for an accounting firm (external) or within a company (internal) to examine financial records for accuracy and compliance.
• Tax Accountant/Consultant: Specialises in tax law, helping individuals and businesses comply with regulations and minimise their tax liability.
• Forensic Accountant: Investigates financial discrepancies and fraud, often working with law enforcement agencies.
• Business Advisor: Uses financial expertise to provide strategic advice to businesses on growth, efficiency, and risk management.

Salary Expectations: What Can You Earn?

Of course, financial reward is an important factor when considering a new career. The good news is that accounting is a well-compensated profession in Australia, with strong potential for salary growth as you gain experience and professional certification.

While starting salaries can vary by location and company size, graduates with a master's degree can expect a competitive entry-level package. According to data from platforms like Seek and Payscale, graduate accountants in Australia can earn between $65,000 and $80,000 per year. With a few years of experience and a CPA or CA designation, this can quickly rise to over $100,000 and continue to grow from there.

Choosing the Right Program: What to Look for in an MPA

Not all MPA programs are created equal, and choosing the right one is crucial for your success. The ideal course should not only provide you with the necessary knowledge but also support you throughout your learning journey. When evaluating your options, consider factors beyond the curriculum, such as accreditation, flexibility, and the institution’s focus on practical success, which is where the NAPS accounting course truly shines.

Making an informed decision means looking for a provider that is genuinely invested in your future. You want a program that bridges the gap between the classroom and the workplace. Here are the key things to look for.

Accreditation and Industry Recognition

This is non-negotiable. Ensure the MPA program you choose is fully accredited by Australia’s key professional accounting bodies: CPA Australia and Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand (CA ANZ). This accreditation is your guarantee that the course content meets the high standards required for you to pursue professional certification after you graduate.

A program like the Master of Professional Accounting at NAPS is specifically designed with these accreditation requirements in mind. This saves you the headache of figuring out if you’ve met the prerequisites later on. It provides a seamless and clear pathway toward your professional goals.

The NAPS Advantage: A Focus on Real-World Success

Beyond just teaching theory, a great MPA program prepares you for the realities of the modern workplace. At NAPS, the focus is on creating job-ready graduates who can make an immediate impact. The curriculum for the Master in Professional Accounting in Australia is infused with real-world case studies and practical applications to ensure you can apply what you learn.

This approach means you're not just memorising formulas; you're learning how to solve real business problems. With experienced lecturers who bring their industry knowledge into the classroom, you gain insights that go beyond the textbook. This practical focus is what employers are looking for and what will set you apart in the job market.

Your Application Checklist: Steps to Enrol and Succeed

Feeling ready to take the next step? The application process can seem daunting, but breaking it down into manageable steps makes it much easier. To secure your place in a program, you’ll need to meet the entry requirements for master of accounting and prepare a thorough application. This checklist will guide you through the key stages.

Remember, preparation is key to a smooth and successful application. Start gathering your documents early and don’t hesitate to reach out to the institution’s admissions team if you have any questions. They are there to help you succeed.

Understanding the Entry Requirements

First, confirm that you meet the basic eligibility criteria. While this can vary slightly between institutions, the typical requirements for a Master of Professional Accounting in Australia include:

• A completed bachelor's degree from a recognised university in any discipline.
• Proof of English language proficiency for non-native speakers, usually through a test like IELTS or TOEFL.
• Some institutions may have a minimum Grade Point Average (GPA) requirement from your previous studies.

The NAPS admissions team can provide clear guidance on their specific entry requirements and help you assess your eligibility.

Preparing Your Application Documents

Once you’ve confirmed your eligibility, it’s time to gather your paperwork. A typical application package for a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia will require:

• Certified copies of your academic transcripts and degree certificate.
• Your English language test results (e.g., IELTS).
• A copy of your passport.
• A current curriculum vitae (CV) or resume.
• A personal statement or letter of intent, explaining why you want to pursue the degree.

Having these documents ready will make the online application process much smoother and faster.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Do I need a background in business or accounting to apply for an MPA?

No, you don’t! The Master of Professional Accounting is specifically designed as a conversion course. It’s perfect for graduates from any discipline—be it arts, sciences, or engineering—who want to pivot into an accounting career.

2. Is a Master in Professional Accounting from Australia recognised internationally?

Absolutely. Australian qualifications are highly respected globally, and degrees accredited by CPA Australia and CA ANZ are recognised by professional bodies around the world. This gives you excellent career mobility.

3. How long does it take to complete the degree?

Most Master of Professional Accounting programs in Australia, including the one at NAPS, are designed to be completed over 2 years of full-time study. This timeframe allows you to cover all the required knowledge for professional accreditation.

4. What is the difference between an MPA and a Master of Finance?

An MPA focuses broadly on accounting principles, including financial reporting, auditing, taxation, and management accounting, preparing you to become a CPA or CA. A Master of Finance is more specialised, focusing on investments, financial markets, and corporate finance, leading to roles like financial analyst or investment banker.

5. Can I work in Australia after completing my MPA?

Yes, many international students are eligible to apply for a Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485) after completing their studies. This visa allows you to live, study, and work in Australia for a temporary period, giving you the chance to gain valuable local work experience.

6. What are the typical fees for a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia?

Fees can vary between institutions. It's best to check the official website of the provider you're interested in, like the NAPS course page, for the most current and accurate fee information for both domestic and international students.

Conclusion: Your Future in Accounting Starts Today

Embarking on a Master in Professional Accounting in Australia is more than just an academic decision—it's an investment in a secure, rewarding, and globally mobile future. From gaining a world-class qualification to unlocking a direct pathway to professional accreditation and high-demand careers, the benefits are undeniable. We hope this guide has demystified the process and empowered you with the clarity and confidence to move forward.

The journey may seem long, but every successful career starts with a single, decisive step. You have the ambition, and with the right program and support, you can achieve your professional goals. The world of accounting is waiting for sharp, dedicated minds like yours.

Ready to take that first step? Our friendly team is here to answer your questions and guide you through the process.

Explore more with NAPS and get started on your pathway to success: https://www.naps.edu.au/contact-us

Have you ever felt caught between building a successful career and staying true to your personal values? You’re not alone. 

Many aspiring professionals today are searching for a path that offers both financial stability and spiritual fulfillment, and that's where a unique and powerful degree comes into the picture.

This guide is your friendly introduction to the Bachelor of Islamic Business program, a qualification designed for the modern world.

We'll walk through what it is, what you’ll learn, and where it can take you, all in a simple and encouraging way. 

Think of this as a conversation with a friend who has done the research and wants to help you see the incredible opportunities ahead.

We understand that choosing a degree is a huge decision, and it can feel a bit overwhelming with all the options out there. 

But by the end of this article, you'll have a clear understanding of how this program bridges the gap between traditional business education and faith-based principles. Let's explore how you can build a meaningful career without compromising what matters most to you.

What Exactly is a Bachelor of Islamic Business?

At its heart, a Bachelor of Islamic Business program is a university-level degree that teaches you the fundamentals of commerce, management, and finance through the lens of Islamic principles. 

It’s designed to create ethical leaders who can navigate the global economy with a strong moral compass. It’s about building profitable, sustainable businesses that also contribute positively to society.

Beyond the Name: A Modern Approach to Ethical Commerce

Don't let the name mislead you into thinking this degree is only about theology; it is a robust and practical business qualification. Think of it as a standard business degree with an added layer of ethical guidance drawn from Shariah principles, which emphasize fairness, transparency, and social responsibility. This ethical framework isn't just a footnote—it's woven into every subject you study.

The goal is to equip you with all the essential business skills you need to succeed while ensuring your actions are principled and just. 

This approach is gaining incredible traction worldwide as more consumers and investors look for businesses that do more than just make a profit. You’ll learn how to build enterprises that are both successful and a source of good in the world.

This unique combination makes graduates highly valuable in a world that is increasingly focused on ethical and sustainable practices.

 A Bachelor of Islamic Business program prepares you not just for a job, but for a purpose-driven career. It empowers you to become a leader who understands that true success is measured by more than just the bottom line.

The Core Difference: How It Compares to a Traditional BBA

So, what makes a Bachelor of Islamic Business program different from a conventional Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)? While both degrees cover core topics like marketing, accounting, and management, the foundational philosophy is what sets them apart. A traditional BBA is typically based on secular, capitalist principles focused on maximizing shareholder wealth.

In contrast, an Islamic business degree is built upon the principles of Shariah, which prioritizes justice, risk-sharing, and the well-being of all stakeholders, including customers, employees, and the community. 

For example, instead of learning about interest-based loans (Riba), you will study profit-sharing models like Mudarabah and Musharakah. The focus shifts from pure profit maximization to creating shared value.

Here’s a simple breakdown of the key philosophical differences:

• Objective: Traditional BBA often focuses on shareholder profit, while an Islamic business degree emphasizes community welfare and ethical returns.
• Financial Instruments: You'll learn about Shariah-compliant financing (like Sukuk bonds) instead of conventional, interest-bearing instruments.
• Risk: Islamic finance promotes sharing risk between the lender and the borrower, whereas conventional finance often transfers risk entirely to the borrower.

Is This Program Right for You?

Wondering if this degree aligns with your aspirations? If you find yourself nodding along to the following points, a Bachelor of Islamic Business program could be the perfect fit for you. It's a path for those who want to make a real difference in the world of commerce.

You might be an ideal candidate if you:

• Believe that business should have a positive impact on society.
• Want a career that aligns with your personal faith and ethical values.
• Are interested in the rapidly growing global market for Halal products and services.
• See yourself as an entrepreneur who wants to build a business on a foundation of fairness.
• Are fascinated by the idea of ethical finance and investment that avoids speculation and uncertainty.

If these ideas resonate with you, you're in the right place. This degree is less about what you want to do and more about who you want to be as a business professional. It’s about leading with integrity in every decision you make.

What You'll Learn: A Peek Inside the Curriculum

One of the best things about a Bachelor of Islamic Business program is that it provides a comprehensive education, giving you the best of both worlds. 

You will graduate with a solid understanding of contemporary business practices, enriched with the wisdom of Islamic commercial law. This dual-focus curriculum is what makes the degree so powerful and relevant.

The Foundational Pillars: Core Business Subjects

First and foremost, you will build a rock-solid foundation in all the essential areas of business management and administration. 

These are the universal skills that every successful business leader needs, regardless of their industry. You can expect to master the same core subjects found in any top-tier business school.

These foundational courses typically include:

• Principles of Management: Learning how to lead teams, manage projects, and organize resources effectively.
• Marketing Fundamentals: Understanding how to connect with customers and build a strong brand identity.
• Financial Accounting: Mastering the language of business to track, report, and analyze financial health.
• Business Law and Ethics: Studying the legal frameworks that govern commerce, with a special focus on ethical conduct.
• Human Resource Management: Learning how to recruit, train, and motivate a productive and happy workforce.

The Islamic Specialization: Where Faith Meets Finance

This is where the program truly shines and sets itself apart from any other business degree you might consider. Alongside the core subjects, you will dive deep into specialized courses that explore business and finance from an Islamic perspective. These subjects provide the ethical framework that will guide your entire career.

You’ll explore fascinating topics such as:

• Islamic Economics: Understanding an economic system based on social justice and equitable distribution of wealth.
• Islamic Banking and Finance: Studying the principles and practices of interest-free banking and Shariah-compliant investments.
• Takaful (Islamic Insurance): Learning about cooperative insurance models based on mutual support and shared responsibility.
• Halal Supply Chain Management: Mastering the logistics of ensuring products and services are compliant from source to consumer.
• Zakat and Waqf Management: Understanding the institutions of Islamic charity and endowments and their role in social development.

Developing Practical Skills for the Real World

Theoretical knowledge is important, but applying it is what truly matters. Reputable institutions, like the National Aacdemy of Professional Studies (NAPS), emphasize hands-on learning that prepares you for the challenges of the modern workplace. A good Bachelor of Islamic Business program will be packed with practical application.

You’ll engage in case studies of real-world Islamic businesses, participate in group projects that simulate launching a Shariah-compliant startup, and may even have internship opportunities with Islamic banks or ethical investment firms. 

This focus on practical skills ensures you don't just graduate with a degree, but with the confidence and competence to excel from day one. The goal is to make you job-ready for a global market that desperately needs your unique skills.

Unlocking Your Future: Career Paths After Graduation

Graduating with a Bachelor of Islamic Business program opens doors to a diverse and rapidly expanding range of career opportunities. The global Islamic economy is valued in the trillions of dollars and is growing every year, creating immense demand for qualified professionals. You will be uniquely positioned to thrive in this dynamic sector.

Thriving in the World of Islamic Finance

The most direct career path for graduates is within the burgeoning Islamic finance industry. This sector includes banking, asset management, and insurance, all operating under Shariah principles. You’ll be qualified for roles that are not only financially rewarding but also ethically sound.

Here are some of the exciting job roles you could pursue:

• Islamic Banker: Working in retail or corporate banking, offering Shariah-compliant products like Murabaha (cost-plus financing) or Ijarah (leasing).
• Shariah Advisor or Auditor: Ensuring a financial institution's products and operations comply with Islamic law.
• Takaful Specialist: Developing and managing ethical insurance products based on mutual cooperation.
• Islamic Fund Manager: Managing investment portfolios that screen for ethical and Halal-compliant securities.

Beyond Finance: Diverse Opportunities in Business

The skills you gain are not limited to the finance sector; they are transferable across a huge range of industries. The principles of ethical conduct, fairness, and social responsibility are valuable everywhere. A Bachelor of Islamic Business program makes you a versatile candidate for many different roles.

Consider these diverse career paths:

• Halal Industry Consultant: Helping businesses in food, tourism, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals achieve Halal certification.
• Ethical Marketing Manager: Crafting marketing campaigns that are truthful, transparent, and respectful of consumer values.
• Socially Responsible Entrepreneur: Launching your own business with a mission to solve a community problem or promote ethical practices.
• Non-Profit Manager: Leading charitable organizations, especially those focused on Zakat collection and distribution or managing Awqaf (endowments).

A Real-World Example

Imagine a graduate named Fatima who completed her Bachelor of Islamic Business program. She was passionate about both technology and community development. Instead of taking a traditional finance job, she launched a fintech startup that developed an app to help small businesses access Shariah-compliant micro-financing.

Her company not only became profitable but also empowered hundreds of local entrepreneurs to grow their businesses without resorting to interest-based debt. Fatima's story shows how this degree provides the tools to innovate and create solutions that are both commercially viable and socially beneficial. It’s a testament to how you can truly blend your passion with your principles.

Choosing the Right Institution: What to Look For

Selecting where you study is just as important as deciding what you study. The right institution will not only provide you with a quality education but also support you on your journey. When researching where to enroll in a Bachelor of Islamic Business program, there are a few key factors to consider.

Accreditation and Recognition

First and foremost, ensure the program and the institution are fully accredited by the relevant educational authorities, like Australia's Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA). 

Accreditation is your guarantee that the degree meets rigorous academic standards and will be recognized by employers globally. A recognized degree from an institution known for quality, such as NAPS, adds significant weight to your resume.

Faculty Expertise and Industry Connections

Look for a university or institute where the faculty members are not just academics but also have real-world experience in Islamic business and finance. Instructors who have worked as Shariah advisors, bankers, or entrepreneurs can provide invaluable insights that you won't find in a textbook. Strong industry connections also lead to better internship opportunities and networking events, giving you a head start in your career.

A Supportive and Inclusive Learning Environment

Your educational journey should be an enriching and supportive one. Choose an institution that values student well-being and fosters a strong sense of community. 

Look for student support services, career counseling, and an environment that is welcoming to students from all backgrounds who are interested in ethical business, like the student-centric approach often found at NAPS.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Do I need to be Muslim to enroll in a Bachelor of Islamic Business program?
   Absolutely not. This program is open to students of all faiths and backgrounds who are interested in ethical business, social responsibility, and alternative economic systems. The principles of fairness, transparency, and community welfare are universal values that appeal to anyone wanting to make a positive impact through commerce.
2. What are the typical entry requirements for this program?
   Entry requirements are similar to most bachelor's degrees and typically include the successful completion of secondary education (like an Australian Year 12 certificate or its international equivalent). Some institutions may have specific prerequisites in subjects like English or mathematics, so it's always best to check directly with the admissions office of the institution you're interested in.
3. Is a Bachelor of Islamic Business respected internationally?
   Yes, it is highly respected, especially given the multi-trillion dollar growth of the global Islamic economy. Graduates are sought after in the Middle East, Southeast Asia (like Malaysia and Indonesia), Europe, and North America. The ethical and financial skills you learn are globally transferable and in high demand.
4. Can I pursue a Master's or MBA after completing this degree?
   Of course. A Bachelor of Islamic Business program provides a strong foundation that allows you to pursue a wide range of postgraduate studies, including a traditional MBA, a specialized Master's in Islamic Finance, or a PhD. It fully prepares you for advanced academic work in business and finance.
5. How much math is involved in the finance courses?
   The finance courses will involve quantitative analysis, but they are designed to be accessible. You will learn the necessary mathematics within the context of the subjects, focusing on practical application rather than abstract theory. If you can handle high-school level math and are willing to learn, you will be well-equipped to succeed.
6. What is the main difference between "Islamic finance" and "ethical finance"?
   This is a great question! "Ethical finance" is a broad term for investments that consider environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. Islamic finance is a specific type of ethical finance that is guided by the principles of Shariah, which includes all the ESG considerations plus additional rules, such as the prohibition of interest (Riba) and investment in certain industries (like alcohol or gambling).

Your Path to a Purpose-Driven Career Starts Here

Choosing a degree is more than just planning for a job; it's about shaping your future and deciding the kind of impact you want to have on the world. A Bachelor of Islamic Business program offers a unique and powerful opportunity to build a successful career that is deeply aligned with your values of integrity, fairness, and community. 

You don't have to separate your professional ambitions from your personal principles—this degree proves you can have both.

You've taken the first step by learning about what this incredible field has to offer. You now know that it provides a robust, practical business education with an ethical foundation that is more relevant today than ever before. 

You are ready to become a National kind of leader—one who measures success not just in profit, but in purpose.

Your journey forward is an exciting one. The next step is to explore the specific business programs offered by leading institutions that value practical skills and student success.

Exploring the courses at a provider like the National Academy of Professional Studies (NAPS) could be a fantastic way to see how you can turn this knowledge into a real-world career.